Computer Course for Beginners

What is the computer?

Introduction: The computer originated in 1642 by Blaise Pascal. Whereas in 1833, British mathematician Charles Babbage invented a machine named Analytic Engine, in the year 1937, the first computer called Mark-1 could be built, which could not only store data but also cut them. could also tax compounds The first revolution in the field of computing machines came in 1946 when the first electronic computer 'ENIAC' was invented. The Eniac could process 5000 additions or subtractions in one second. Based on the decimal system, the Eniac had 18,000 vacuum tubes, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors, and 6,000 switches. Its weight was 30 tons. dr. For the work of Newman computer, Bi-Used binary system and used stored programs. The development of computers in India started in 1955. India's first computronium (Computer Board) has been established in Bengaluru, Karnataka.

Different parts of the computer and key terminologies

The computer has two main parts

A) Hardware

B) Software

A) Hardware: All the parts of the computer which can be felt by touch are called hardware. It is divided into the following four units

1. Input unit

2. Processing Unit

3. Output unit

4. Storage Unit (Memory)

1) Input Unit: This unit is used to transmit data, facts, and instructions inside the computer unit. Mainly used input units are the keyboard and mouse.

Keyboard - Its mechanical part is similar to a typewriter, through which letters, numbers, and instructions can be communicated to the computer's processing unit through electrical signals.

• Mouse - It is based on the coordinate system of the painting method or is used in the graphical user interface (GUI) system to communicate the instructions through the picture.

2) Processing unit: The processing unit is responsible for smoothly executing the instructions communicated to the computer. Its main parts are

central processing unit CPU.

CPU (central processing unit): The CPU is the most important part of the computer which operates the entire computer system using instructions or is called the heart of the computer and includes all other peripherals (other computer equipment) such as keyboard, mouse, monitor, Printers, etc. are all connected through the motherboard. CPUs are mainly separated into the following three parts

• Control Unit: It works to control and use the instructions properly.

• Arithmetic Logic Unit: It works to execute all types of digital logical instructions.

• Memory: serves to store the instructions for some time

3) Output Unit: The part to which the facts and instructions sent from the input unit go to the processing unit to be executed is called the output unit.

• Monitor: It is a picture tube based on the cathode ray tube system. The monitor is used to present information to the computer user. The screen size of the monitor is (normally 15, 17, 19, 21 inches).

• Printer: It is used for data interpretation and pictures or other types of information on paper based on many types of work methods.

4) Storage Unit (Memory): The storage unit is used in the computer to store information for later use.

RAM: Random access memory or RAM is an important part of a computer's main memory, all the data communicated in the computer is stored in RAM only. From where they are sent to other places as per requirement.

ROM: Read Only Memory or ROM is a temporary memory that is installed at the time of manufacturing the computer. Secondary memory is used to store information temporarily, based on different types of number systems or computer forms. The following are hard drives, floppy disks, CDs, and DVD ROMs.

B) Software: The system that operates the computer and establishes relationships among its various units is called software. Software is mainly divided into two parts.

1) System Software

2) Application software

•Cyber Space: Cyber means Control Cyber Space means a bridge for the worldwide exchange of information based on the computer network.

• Floppy Disk: It is a plastic disk whose diameter is 12.5 cm. The floppy disk is coated with 0.0075 cm thickness of barite. Because of this, the ability of magnetic recording is developed in the disk. And it is possible to rotate the disc at a speed of 360 rpm (cycles per minute).

• Hard Disk: The hard disk is permanently mounted inside the computer. Its storage capacity is very high. Works fast to find 1 in recording information.

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